Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University
Abstract
Background: Due to the tropism of human parvovirus B19 to erythroid progenitor cells, infection in patients with an underlying hemolytic disorder such as thalassemia, hereditary spherocytosis, sickle cell disease and Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency leads to suppression of erythrocyte formation, referred to as transient aplasia crisis (TAC), which may be life-threatening. Objectives: Detection of parvovirus B19 DNA and its IgG antibodies in the serum of children with chronic hemolytic anemia and in apparently healthy children in Benha University Hospitals. Methodology: The study was conducted on 80 children. Forty of them with chronic hemolytic anemia, they were subdivided into 2 groups, Group (1a) included 20 patients without history of aplastic crisis, Group (Ib) included 20 patients with a history of aplastic crisis and 40 age and sex-matched apparently healthy children representing control (Group II). All patients were subjected to full history taking, clinical examination and laboratory investigations. Parvovirus B19 IgG was measured using anti-parvovirus B19 ELISA kits (SUNRED), and parvovirus B19 DNA was detected by using nested-polymerase chain reaction. Results: The seroprevalence of parvovirus B19 IgG was significantly higher (P value =0.016) in Group Ia (50%) (10 out of 20) and Group Ib (45%) (9 out of 20) than the control group (Group II) (17.5%) (7 out of 40). There was a significant positive correlation between anti-parvovirus B19 IgG and age of all patients, frequency of blood transfusion. The prevalence of parvovirus B19 DNA was 10% (2 out of 20) in group Ia and 30% (6 out of 20) in group Ib and no viral DNA was detected in the controls (P value=0.001). Although 42.3% (11 out of 26) of children with β thalassemia major had a detectable level of antiparvovirus B19 virus IgG antibodies, only (23.1%) (6 out of 26) of them had B19 DNA. Anti-parvovirus B19 IgG antibodies were detected in 4 children out of 5 children of sickle cell anemia (80%) but the the prevalence of Parvovirus B19 DNA was 20% among them. Conclusion: Measures to keep away from iatrogenic and nosocomial infection transmission should be implemented including screening of donated blood for parvovirus B19 especially blood given to patients with blood disorders. Recommendation: Data from this study support the need for introduction of an approved vaccine that mainly protects children with chronic hemolytic anemia against that infection.
Shaker, D. (2021). Detection of Human Parvovirus B19 Infection in Children with Chronic Haemolytic Anaemia in Benha University Hospitals. Egyptian Journal of Medical Microbiology, 30(2), 51-58.
MLA
Doaa Abdallah Shaker. "Detection of Human Parvovirus B19 Infection in Children with Chronic Haemolytic Anaemia in Benha University Hospitals". Egyptian Journal of Medical Microbiology, 30, 2, 2021, 51-58.
HARVARD
Shaker, D. (2021). 'Detection of Human Parvovirus B19 Infection in Children with Chronic Haemolytic Anaemia in Benha University Hospitals', Egyptian Journal of Medical Microbiology, 30(2), pp. 51-58.
VANCOUVER
Shaker, D. Detection of Human Parvovirus B19 Infection in Children with Chronic Haemolytic Anaemia in Benha University Hospitals. Egyptian Journal of Medical Microbiology, 2021; 30(2): 51-58.