Assessment of Surgical Site Infections; bacterial isolates, prevalence and their antibiogram pattern at Cairo University Hospitals, Cairo, Egypt

Document Type : New and original researches in the field of Microbiology.

Authors

1 Lecturer of Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University

2 Lecturer of Orthopedic Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alazhar University

3 Lecturer of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain shams University

Abstract

Background: Surgical site infections (SSI) are a common type of healthcare-associated infection and a complication of hospitalization, responsible for the prolongation of hospital stay, and increasing costs (1300–5000 USD per SSI)1-3. Most SSIs are caused by Gram-positive bacteria such as CoNS, Enterococcus spp. and Staphylococcus, also Gram-negative bacteria like Escherichia coli (E. coli), Klebsiella spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter spp. 3. Objectives: It is crucial to monitor emerging trends in resistance at the local level to support clinical decision-making, infection-control interventions, and antimicrobial-resistance containment strategies.
Also guiding clinical laboratories in Cairo university hospitals in the preparation of a cumulative antibiogram, explain the rationale for some of the recommendations, discuss limitations of its use, and propose new directions for future revisions. Methodology: A retrospective analysis of culture results of surgical site infection was performed at Cairo University's Central Laboratory. The sex and age of patients, the organism isolated, and the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles were collected from the registration records using a standard data collection method.  From positive cultures, pathogens were identified according to the standard operating procedures as per the standard microbiological methods.  Results: This study showed that the prevalence of SSI was high in all age groups. The most frequently isolated bacterium was sensitive to Linezolid and the other isolates were sensitive to clindamycin and ciprofloxacin are considered as appropriate antimicrobials for empirical treatment of SSI in the area. Periodic monitoring of etiology and drug susceptibility is recommended. Conclusion: We recommend using Linezolid, clindamycin, and ciprofloxacin for empirical treatment of SSI if needed with a continuous urge to periodic monitoring of etiology and drug susceptibility for proper orientation of the bacterial antimicrobial changeable pattern

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