Detection of Human Parvovirus B19 Infection in Cases of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Attending Benha University Hospitals

Document Type : New and original researches in the field of Microbiology.

Authors

1 Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Egypt

2 medical microbiology and immunology ,faculty of medicice ,kafr el sheik university

3 Department of Rheumatology, Rehabilitation and Physical medicine Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Egypt

Abstract

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus is an autoimmune disease. Parvovirus B19 infection can break tolerance to self-DNA and promote pathogenesis of autoimmunity and might induce either idiopathic SLE in a person who is genetically susceptibl or it might induce a SLE-like picture. Objectives: Detection of PV-B19 DNA and it's IgM and IgG antibodies in the serum of SLE patients and in apparently healthy volunteer in Benha University Hospitals. Methodology: The study was conducted  on 60 subjects classified into 2 groups: Group I: Including 40 SLE patients fulfilling SLICC Classification Criteria , 20 of them  were in exacerbation  state   and the other  20  cases were  in remission state and  Group II: Including 20 age and sex matched  apparently healthy volunteers serve as a control group . All patients were subjected to full history taking, clinical examination and laboratory investigations. PV- B19 IgM and IgG were measured using anti PV- B19 ELISA kits and PV-B19 DNA was detected by using real timepolymerase chain reaction(PCR). Results: PV- B19 DNA was detected in 9 cases (45%)  with active disease,  Out of the 9 patients with  PV- B19 DNA, only 1 had positive PCR  results alone ,  1 had positive PCR and IgM results  and  7  had positive  PCR, IgM and IgG results. on the other hand, PV- B19 DNA was detected in only 1 case  (5%) out of   20 remittent cases (p=0.003). Active cases were significantly associated with higher frequency of IgM and IgG when compared to remittent cases (p=0.010, 0.020, respectively).There was significant differences in SLEDAI between active and remitted cases (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Combined use of PCR and ELISA are needed for  accurate diagnosis of  PV- B19 infection.

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