Role of HLA-G 14 bp polymorphism and soluble HLA-G level in recurrent spontaneous abortion

Document Type : New and original researches in the field of Microbiology.

Authors

1 Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt

2 Obstetrics and gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt

Abstract

Background: The immune response of the mother against her embryo is supposed to be responsible for about 50 % of recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) case. Objectives: To assess the prevalence of HLA-G 14bp insertion/deletion (ins/del) polymorphism in females with RSA and normal pregnant females and compare the plasma levels of soluble HLA-G (sHLA-G) in the studying groups. Also, we intended to explore the association between HLA-G 14 bp polymorphism and sHLA-G plasma levels. Methodology: This case-control study involved 50 females with RSA and 50 control pregnant females. The genotype for HLA-G 14 bp (ins/del) polymorphism was performed by PCR and their sHLA-G plasma levels were measured. Results: The HLA-G del/del genotype and ins/ins genotype frequencies were significantly different in RSA group as compared to controls (P=0.002). Additionally, the incidence of the 14-bp ins allele was significantly raised in RSA group than in control (67 vs. 41%, respectively; P=0.0004). Consequently, the higher frequency of 14-bp ins allele in RSA group as compared to controls indicate that this allele is associated with an increased risk of RSA (OR 2.9, 95% CI: 1.6-5.2, P=0.0003). Conclusion: The plasma level of sHLA-G is a promising marker in the management of RSA and could be an early indicator of the fate of In Vitro Fertilization (IVF). The polymorphism in the HLA-G gene, specifically, in the 3′UTR region of exon 8 affects the plasma level of sHLA-G and subsequent pregnancy outcome.

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