Relationship between Entamoeba histolytica and Fecal Calprotectin in Patients with Gastroenteritis in Kirkuk City-Iraq

Document Type : New and original researches in the field of Microbiology.

Authors

1 College of Education for Pure Science-Tikrit University

2 Parasitology. College of Education for pure science-Tikrit University

3 Medical Microbiology. Faculty of Medicine-Kirkuk University

Abstract

Background: Intestinal amoebiasis due to Entamoeba histolytica in association to gastroenteritis in Kirkuk city was recently reported. Objective: To measure fecal calprotectin (FC) also during intestinal amoebiasis. The relation between Ent.histolytica and gastroenteritis was investigated. Methodology: A total of 419 patients attend to the gastroenteritis clinics in two Hospital Kirkuk center. They suffer from gastrointestinal disorders (GITDs), such as diarrhea, vomiting, nausea, diarrhea altered by constipation. The collected stool samples were tested for: parasitological tests and fresh portion was extracted for fecal calprotectin using ELISA technique. Blood samples were tested for some hematological tests. For each stool sample direct double wet preparations were performed then confirmed by flotation technique. Overnight extracted fecal sample was tested for FC using ELISA-copro kit. Neutrophil count and white blood cells were calculated using samples using automated machine. Results: A total of 82.81 % of parasitic infection was recorded, and Entamoeba histolytica contributed rate was 24.85 %.Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) due to intestinal amoebiasis were highly recorded among patients aging from 31to 40 years (74.34 %) followed by 71.42 % among patients aging from 11 to 20 years. Compare to high rate in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients aging from 41 to over than 60 years old. Samples from females positive for Entamoeba histolytica in relation to IBD and IBS exert significance compare to males. Fecal calprotectin positive level above than 50 ng/ml was recorded in 50 stool samples versus to 37 negative mean levels as Fc was below 50 ng/ml. Frequency of FC positive was higher among females than males. Leucopenia and neutrophilia were dominant among positive FC samples contrary to normal neutrophil count among FC negative samples. High rate 59.22 % of stool sample pH was ranged from 6.1 to 7. Conclusions: Entamoeba histolytica rate is high among patients with gastroenteritis particularly among IBD patients. ELISA Fecal calprotectin is good marker for detecting the injury caused by the parasites to the host.

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