Detection of Vancomycin Resistance among Hospital and Community-acquired Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates

Document Type : New and original researches in the field of Microbiology.

Authors

1 Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt

2 Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt

Abstract

Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a significant pathogen, responsible for infections acquired in both nosocomial and community settings. The first line of defense against life-threatening MRSA infections is vancomycin. The development of vancomycin resistance and a possible failure of MRSA treatment is associated with elevated vancomycin MICs. Objectives: The aim of the study was to detect the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of methicillin-resistant S. aureus and the prevalence of vancomycin resistance among these isolates. Methodology: Fifty-one MRSA isolates were studied. Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of MRSA isolates were determined by Vitek 2. Results: Community-acquired MRSA (CA-MRSA) strains were isolated from abscesses in soft tissues and skin (76%), while Hospital-acquired MRSA (HA-MRSA) strains were isolated mainly from pus obtained from surgical site infections and diabetic foot (57.7%), We detected 4 VISA/VRSA isolates out of 51 MRSA strains with a prevalence rate of 7.8%. Generally, CA-MRSA isolates were more susceptible to antibiotics than HA-MRSA isolates, except for ciprofloxacin. Conclusion: The study revealed the emergence of VISA/VRSA strains in isolated MRSA that were equally distributed between non-hospitalized and hospitalized patients being more common in young patients suffering from soft tissue and skin infections. All VRSA/VISA isolates were susceptible to tigecycline and linezolid.

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