Prevalence of Nasal Colonization with Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Among Children in an Egyptian Community

Document Type : New and original researches in the field of Microbiology.

Authors

1 Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Fayoum University

2 Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, Egypt.

3 Medcare Hospital, Sharjah, UAE

4 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fayoum University, Egypt.

Abstract

Background: Nasal Staphylococcus aureus is asymptomatically and permanently colonizing up to one-third of the population. This may start during the first few days of life and can lead to infections. Objectives: This study aimed to identify MRSA nasal carriage among children in an Egyptian community, detection of antibiotic resistance, biofilm-formation along with the virulence genes found in MRSA isolates. Methodology: In this community-based cross-sectional study, a total of 200 nasal swabs were collected. Cefoxitin susceptibility testing was done for MRSA detection. The MRSA isolates underwent antibiotic susceptibility and biofilm-formation testing. Genes associated with biofilm formation and virulence in MRSA isolates were also explored. From the examined subjects, 133 carriers of S. aureus were identified. About half (51.8) % of these isolats were MRSA.  The majority of MRSA isolates [73.9% (n=51)] were found to be positive for clfA gene. The prevalence of icaD, fnbA, icaA, cna, icaC, and icaB genes were found to be 0%, 14.5%, 0%, 33.3%, 0%, and 44.9%, respectively. Conclusion: This study showed that the presence of biofilm-encoding genes positively affects biofilm production activity. According to this study, many healthy children had nasal colonization with S. aureus and MRSA that necessitates developing effective antibiotic usage in the community.

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