Antibacterial activity of Solenostemma argel extracts against extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae

Document Type : New and original researches in the field of Microbiology.

Authors

1 Department of Microbiology, Egyptian Drug Authority (EDA), Giza, Egypt

2 Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, 12613 Giza, Egypt

Abstract

Background: Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) can hydrolyze various types of β-lactam antibiotics. Therefore, infections caused by ESBL-producing bacteria pose a significant challenge to clinical patient care. Objective: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESBL-Kp) and evaluate the antibacterial potential of Solenostemma argel extracts against these isolates. Methodology: 200 clinical Klebsiella spp. isolates were identified by MALDI-TOF, and the Vitek2 system determined the antibiograms of K. pneumoniae. Phenotypic detection of ESBL was conducted using CHROMagar ESBL and the molecular characterization of blaTEM, blaSHV, and blaCTX-M genes was carried out by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In addition, methanolic and ethanolic extracts of S. argel were prepared and their antibacterial activity was investigated. Results: K. pneumoniae isolates exhibited remarkable resistance to cefuroxime (83.9%), ciprofloxacin (58.3%), ceftazidime (55.3%), aztreonam (44%), and cefepime (36.3%), respectively. Moreover, results of the phenotypic detection of ESBL revealed that 28.5% of K. pneumoniae isolates produced ESBLs and the molecular characterization showed that 100, 87.5, and 45.8% of ESBL-Kp isolates were positive for blaSHV, blaCTX-M and blaTEM genes, respectively. Furthermore, the methanolic extract of S. argel exhibited promising antioxidant and antibacterial activity against ESBL-Kp with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranged from 1 to 16 µg/mL. Conclusion: This investigation shed light on the elevated levels of resistance among clinical K. pneumoniae isolates accompanied by the acquisition of the blaSHV gene and verified the potent antibacterial activity of S. argel against ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae, suggesting the potential application of its methanolic extract in combating ESBL-Kp.

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