Flowcytometric Expression of CD11b and Detection of Netosis Markers (Calprotectin, Protease 57 and PADI4) in Women with RPL at Basrah Province

Document Type : New and original researches in the field of Microbiology.

Authors

1 Department of Food Science, Agriculture College, University of Basrah University

2 Department of Biology, College of Science, Basrah University

Abstract

Background: pregnancy is defined as a special immunological condition when the mother’s immune system protects the fetus against infection. Objective:  the current study is designed to evaluate the role and expression of NETosis markers (Calprotectin, Protease 57 and PADI4) by ELISA and CD11b by Flowcytometry in women with Recurrent Pregnancy Loss (RPL) at Basrah Province. Methodology: this prospective cohort study was conducted from January 2022 to July 2023, included 75 participants (50 RPL patients and 25 controls). Blood samples were analyzed using ELISA to measure the expression of Protease 57, Calprotectin, and Peptidyl Arginine Deiminase Type IV (PADI4), also the surface expression of CD11b on activated neutrophils was assessed via flow cytometry. Results: calprotectin demonstrated a significant increase, with mean values of 5.43 in RPL patients versus 4.66 in controls (p=0.021). Protease 57 exhibited significantly elevated with mean levels in the RPL group (3.28) compared with controls (1.15, p=0.0001). CD11b expression, assessed via flow cytometry was revealed significant upregulation in RPL patients. The mean fluorescence intensity of CD11b was 17.55, substantially higher than the 11.43 observed in controls (p=0.0001). Conclusion: the findings of this study provide significant insights into the intricate relationship between recurrent miscarriages and the immune system, specifically through the lens of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and the activation marker CD11b.And further elucidates the underlying immune mechanisms. Notably, the investigation into NETosis markers, alongside the assessment of PADI4, calprotectin, and Protease 57 levels, illuminates the complex interplay of inflammatory responses and neutrophil activation in the context of miscarriage.

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