Document Type : New and original researches in the field of Microbiology.
Authors
1
Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
2
Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, October 6 University, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, King Salman International University, South Sinai, Egypt
3
Pulmonary diseases Department, CHU, Limoges, France
4
Department of Ear, Nose and Throat, Faculty of Medicine, October 6 University, Cairo, Egypt
5
Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
Abstract
Background: Allergic manifestations affect adults and children worldwide and the symptoms interfere with daily activities of the patients. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of Sublingual (SLIT) versus Subcutaneous (SCIT) Immunotherapies in treating respiratory allergy, and to compare the SLIT protocol applied in Egypt with that applied in France. Methodology: This study included 83 allergic patients (Egyptian and French). The diagnosis of respiratory allergy was performed clinically and laboratory. All Egyptian patients were subjected to skin prick test using different homemade Coca's extracted allergens. Total and specific serum IgE levels were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay before and after 6 months of immunotherapy. Patients were divided into three groups: Group I included 28 Egyptian patients receiving SLIT, Group II included 30 Egyptian patients receiving SCIT and Group III included 25 French patients receiving SLIT. Results: After 6 months of immunotherapy, there was a significant decrease in total and specific IgE levels in Group I patients (P <0.05). In group II, specific IgE levels were significantly decreased (p> 0.05), except for wool, cotton and Aspergillus fungi. Analysis of the symptoms of Egyptian patients before and after 6 months of treatment revealed that all symptoms were significantly improved in both groups (P <0.05), but SLIT was significantly superior to SCIT in improving nasal obstruction and discharge (P<0.05). Comparing protocols used in Egypt versus France, we found the disappearance of allergic symptoms in some patients; a significant decrease in the number of group II cases (P <0.001) was detected. No change in symptoms in French patients was detected. Conclusion: SLIT with Coca’s extracted allergen showed good efficacy in the treatment of respiratory allergy.
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