Granzyme-B gene Polymorphisms and Susceptibility of Breast Cancer Patients in Egypt

Osman, Fatma E.E.; El Nabi, Sobhy H.; El-Garawani, Islam M.; Oraby, Ehab M.; Kamel, Mahmoud M.; Hathout, Heba M.R.; Abo El-Ela, Mona M.

doi:10.21608/ejmm.2024.331040.1362

Granzyme-B gene Polymorphisms and Susceptibility of Breast Cancer Patients in Egypt

Document Type : New and original researches in the field of Microbiology.

Authors

¹ Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, Menoufia, Egypt

² General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Egypt

³ Clinical Pathology, National cancer institute, Cairo University, Egypt

⁴ Natural resources department, Faculty of African Postgraduate Studies, Cairo University, Egypt

10.21608/ejmm.2024.331040.1362

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common type of female cancer in Egypt. Granzyme B (GrB) is primarily found in cytotoxic granules and has been considered the most abundant Granzyme. However, recent research has revealed various other crucial roles for GrB. Objectives: In this study, we aimed to examine Granzyme-B (GrB) expression as well as to investigate whether a common genetic variation in the gene encoding GrB, among two single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs8192917, rs2236338), is associated with breast cancer risk in Egyptian women. Methodology: This study included 195 participants, with 103 cases diagnosed with breast cancer and 92 serving as controls. Flow cytometry was used to assess anti-Granzyme B expression, while genotyping of the Granzyme B gene variants (rs8192917, rs2236338) was conducted. Results: We observed a substantial decrease (p < 0.001) in the percentage of Granzyme B in breast cancer patients compared to healthy women, with an odds ratio of 10.110 (95% confidence interval: 4.966-20.582). In rs8192917, The GG genotype and G allele could be considered risk factors for breast cancer (OR= 1.22, 95% CI: 1.02-1.22, P<0.001) and G allele (OR = 5, 95% CI: 2- 12.53, P=00). Additionally, in rs2236338, GC and GG genotypes , and the C allele was; OR =3.91 (95% CI: 1.07-14.3, OR = 0.233 (95% CI: 0.069-0.86), and 4.09 (95% CI: 1.15-14.57), respectively could all be risk factors for breast cancer. Conclusion: The variant allele (rs8192917 and Granzyme-B (GrB) expression) could be considered as a predictive factor for breast cancer development in Egyptian females.

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