Expression of Squamous Cell Carcinoma Antigen 2 in Patients with Verruca Vulgaris: An Immunohistochemical Study

Document Type : New and original researches in the field of Microbiology.

Authors

1 Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Egypt

2 Department of Dermatology, Sohag General Hospital, Egypt

3 Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Egypt

Abstract

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections frequently result in benign hyperkeratotic proliferations of the epidermis known as verruca vulgaris. Squamous cell carcinoma antigens (SCCA1 and 2) belong to the ovalbumin-serpin family and have been widely used as markers for tumors and some inflammatory diseases. Objectives: to assess the expression of SCCA2 in verruca vulgaris patients and its relationship to verruca characteristics. Methodology: This cross-sectional study included 25 verruca vulgaris patients, as well as 25 age and sex matched healthy controls. After clinical evaluation; biopsies were taken from the controls and lesional and peri-lesional skin in patients with warts. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining was done using Rabbit Anti-human SCCA2 Polyclonal Antibodies. Results: All biopsies from the controls showed weak IHC staining; while nearly half of the patients showed moderate/strong IHC staining. There was a non-statistically significant difference between warts and non-lesional skin of patients in IHC scores. Patients with moderate/strong IHC were significantly older than those with no/weak IHC. The duration of warts was significantly longer in patients with moderate/strong IHC scores. Conclusions: SCCA2 may be involved in the pathogenesis of warts via inhibition of keratinocytes apoptosis. Future studies are needed to confirm this postulation and to evaluate its link to different cytokines in patients with warts.

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