The biosystematic of E. coli Strains Isolated from Clinical and Environmental Samples Phenotypically and Genotypically in Najaf Governorate

Document Type : New and original researches in the field of Microbiology.

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University of Kufa, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology, Najaf - Iraq

Abstract

Background:  The current work has employed the Clermont phylotyping approach to better elucidate the phylogenetic groupings of E. coli. A new technique called quadruplex PCR has been used to classify Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains into eight different phylogenetic groupings. However, it is still unknown how exactly these bacterial lineages relate to one another phylogenetically. Objectives: This study aimed to isolate, diagnose and classify E. coli bacteria into phylogroups and strains to determine the relationships between isolates taken from clinical and environmental samples in Najaf Governorate. Methodology: Samples collected from Najaf at a rate of 500 samples were subjected to culture, isolation and identification by biochemical tests and PCR technique based on the Clermont classification. Results:  the positive samples were 250 isolates  and seven phylogroups (A, B1, B2, C, D, E and F) were diagnosed in addition to the Unknown group and clade (I, II, V), as well as two pathotype groups (DEC/ EXPEC) and subpathotype groups affiliated with them (APEC, UPEC, SEPEC, MPEC). Also, commensal E. coli was identified. A completely new strain classification was established, and were recorded in the gene bank (NCBI), which classified under the term (Hetero-hybrid pathogenic), as plural of (EXPEC + DEC + DEC). Ten new E. coli isolates were registered in the (NCBI) as a first registration and an extension number was obtained. Conclusion: Using specific diagnostic primers, strains of E. coli bacteria are identified, and virulent strains recorded for the first time in Iraq were diagnosed and a new taxonomic branch designed for this study was adopted.

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