Document Type : Review articles
Authors
1
Microbiology Department- Faculty of Medicine- Suez- Canal University; Department of Microbiology and Immunology- College of Medicine- Taif University, Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia
2
Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia
3
Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia
4
Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia
5
Department of Internal medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain- Shams University
Abstract
Background: Viruses cause autoimmunity using several mechanisms such as molecular mimicry, bystander activation of T cells, transient immunosuppression, and inflammation. Objective: To understand the link between Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), autoimmunity and hyperstimulation of the immune system which is still an unknown mystery. Methodology: We reviewed many research articles about the mechanisms used by SARS-CoV-2 to induce autoimmunity. We tried to explain in detail these mechanisms including molecular mimicry, the role of innate immunity, the role of adaptive immunity and autoantibodies detected in patients with COVID-19. Also, giving insights into similarities in immunopathogenesis of COVID-19 and autoimmune diseases, listing autoimmune diseases associated with COVID-19, clarifying the impact of covid-19 on pre-existing autoimmune diseases and finally presenting some therapeutic strategies & future prospectives for this disease. Conclusion: Autoimmune diseases are serious complications induced by SARS-CoV-2, which need more understanding by researchers to help develop appropriate treatment.
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