Impact of Helicobacter pylori Infection on the Onset of Microalbuminuria in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Document Type : New and original researches in the field of Microbiology.

Authors

1 Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Kufa, Iraq

2 2Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Kufa, Iraq

Abstract

Background: Despite the correlation between H. pylori infection and gastrointestinal disorders being extensively established, the primary issue with H. pylori comes from the capacity to induce extra-gastric conditions and its tendency to modify disease phenotypes. Microalbuminuria serves as an early indicator of diabetic nephropathy, a prevalent consequence of diabetes possibly associated with H. pylori infection. Objectives: This study evaluates the correlation between H. pylori infection and microalbuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methodology: The case-control study was conducted from August 2024 to December 2024 at the Specialized Hospital for GIT and Liver Surgery Center in (Najaf, Iraq). A total of 180 participants, aged 20 to 75 years, ninety patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, either with or without H.pylori infection were incorporated alongside 45 individuals exhibiting dyspeptic symptoms without type 2 diabetes, and 45 healthy control volunteers matched for sex and age. All participants have undergone a comprehensive assessment, including a full history and plasma glucose levels, glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c), albumin creatinine ratio (ACR), and H.pylori stool antigen and serum antibodies. Results: There were no significant differences among the study groups T2DM, dyspeptic without type 2 diabetes, and control group in age, weight, height, BMI, Sex, SBP, and DBP (all p>0.05). The comparative results across T2DM subgroups indicate a significant elevation in SBP (p=0.027) and ACR (p=0.001) in the DM-positive H.pylori group relative to the DM-negative H.pylori group. A substantial reduction in body weight (p=0.037) is observed in the DM-positive H.pylori group compared to the DM-negative H.pylori group although there was no significant difference in fasting blood glucose or HbA1c% between the two DM groups. Conclusion: H. pylori infection may significantly facilitate the development of microalbuminuria in individuals with type 2 diabetes.

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