K1 and K2 Capsule Identification of XDR-Klebsiella pneumoniae in UTI Patients

Document Type : New and original researches in the field of Microbiology.

Authors

1 Department of Medical Laboratories Techniques, College of Health and Medical Techniques University Of Al-Maarif , Al Anbar,31001, Iraq

2 University of Fallujah, College of Applied Science, Department of Biotechnology

3 Al-Turath University, Department of Forensic Sciences, Iraq

Abstract

Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae is a significant human pathogen, causing a variety of infections. Its virulence is closely linked to its capsule, a protective outer layer. Over 79 different capsule types (K-types) have been identified in Klebsiella, contributing to its diverse disease-causing abilities. Objective: This study investigated Extensively drug-resistant (XDR) K. pneumoniae strains isolated from urinary tract infections (UTIs) with a specific focus on identifying prevalent capsular types. Methodology: The study was conducted in the period from Feb. 2024 till end of October 2024 in some private clinics in Iraq. One hundred urine samples were screened for the presence of the target isolates. Isolates were identified through culturing were then were subjected to XDR screening. Subsequently, genomic DNA was extracted from the isolates and screened by multiplex PCR to detect specific regions within the capsular type gene cluster of serotypes K1 and K2. Results: 63 of UTI samples were identified as K. pneumoniae depending on pgi as housekeeping gene. 65% (41/63) of all isolates demonstrate a resistance to at least one agent of three or more antimicrobial categories and were considered as MDR isolates while 35% (22/63) were consided as XDR isolates, K2 capsule type were the common type in UTI Patient. Conclusion: Our findings highlight the critical need for increased monitoring and detailed genetic analysis of K. pneumoniae in healthcare environments, especially in areas grappling with widespread antibiotic resistance. The rise of K2 capsular types among extensively drug-resistant strains presents a serious public health threat, underscoring the importance of implementing focused infection control practices and exploring alternative treatment approaches.

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