Soluble Programmed Cell Death Protein-1(sPD-1) as an Early Diagnostic and Prognostic Marker for Sepsis Following Respiratory Tract Infections

Document Type : New and original researches in the field of Microbiology.

Authors

1 Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Egypt

2 Chest and ICU Departments of Benha University Hospital

Abstract

Background: Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Soluble Programmed cell death protein-1(sPD-1) increased in patients with sepsis and involved in immunosuppression. It is associated with a poor prognosis, severity and 28-day mortality. Objectives: Identification of the caustive agents of sepsis using Bact Alert 3D system, measurement of serum level of sPD-1 in patients with sepsis compared to control group by ELISA and evaluation of sPD-1 as a diagnostic and prognostic marker for the severity and 28-day mortality. Methodology: Our study was done on 40 patients diagnosed as sepsis in Chest and Intensive Care Units Departments of Benha University Hospital. Blood samples were withdrawn from the patients for blood culture, Subcultures and biochemical tests were done for identification of the caustive agents of sepsis and ELISA is used for for measurment of sPD-1 level in patients and control group. Results: According to the causative pathogens, Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most frequently isolated organism (32.5%), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (22.5%) and Staphylococcus aureus (17.5%). According to sPD-1, the mean serum level was significantly higher in the case group (17.58 ± 15.05 pg/mL) compared to the control group (0.53 ± 0.37 pg/mL). SPD-1 levels were markedly higher in non-survivors compared to survivors. Conclusion: sepsis is a common disease with multimicrobial causes. Klebsiella pneumoniae is the main causative bacteria for sepsis. sPD-1 is a promising diagnostic marker for sepsis with high sensitivity (97.5%), and specificity (95.0%), and prognostic marker for the severity and 28-day mortality

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