Molecular and Phenotypic Detection of the Static Magnetic Fields Effect on Three Pathogenic Bacterial Cultures

Document Type : New and original researches in the field of Microbiology.

Authors

1 Biology Department, College of Science, Tikrit University, Tikrit, Iraq

2 Medical Analysis Department, Al-Imam University College, Tikrit, Iraq

Abstract

Background: This study investigated the phenotypic and molecular effects of Static Magnetic Field (SMF) exposure on Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterococcus faecalis—bacteria isolated from chronic otitis media infections. Objectives: Also evaluating SMF’s potential to induce genomic mutations and influence antibiotic resistance. Methodology: clinical isolates were collected and identified using biochemical tests and verified with the Vitek 2 Compact System. Treated and untreated bacterial samples were tested for antibiotic susceptibility using the Kirby-Bauer Disc Diffusion Method with five commercial antibiotics. For genomic analysis, Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA- Polymerase Chain Reaction (RAPD-PCR) was used with six primers. Bacteria were exposed to SMF for 30, 60, and 90 seconds, alongside control groups. DNA was extracted, and PCR products were analyzed by Agarose Gel Electrophoresis. Results: The results showed that SMF exposure led to increased antibiotic susceptibility, especially in Enterococcus faecalis. RAPD-PCR revealed genetic mutations, with variation in DNA band patterns depending on exposure duration. Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed the most distinct bands (40), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (36), and Enterococcus faecalis (27), indicating species-specific responses to SMF. Conclusion:  low-intensity SMF can cause both phenotypic and genomic changes in bacteria, notably enhancing antibiotic susceptibility. RAPD-PCR effectively detected these mutations. Further studies using advanced molecular tools like Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) and Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) are recommended to confirm these preliminary findings.

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