Clinical Evaluation of IL-17 and Secretory IgA as Mucosal Immune Markers in Appendicitis: A Case-Control Study

Document Type : New and original researches in the field of Microbiology.

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Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Babylon, Iraq

Abstract

Background: The vermiform appendix is a significant immunological organ. Traditionally, the primary treatment for acute appendicitis has been an appendectomy. During episodes of acute appendicitis, the body produces pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-17 (IL-17). Additionally, the mucosal layer of the appendix is rich in secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA). Objectives: The aim of the current study was to evaluate SIgA and IL-17 levels in the serum and tissues. Methodology: One hundred specimens (blood and tissue) were included in this study, comprising individuals aged 14 to 65 years, both male and female who had appendicitis between September 2024 and December 2024 at a teaching hospital in central Iraq. Results: The concentrations of IL-17 and SIgA in the supernatant of appendix tissue and serum were estimated by using the assay for enzyme-linked immunosorbent kits. In patients with appendicitis, the mean IL-17 concentration in serum significantly increased to 257.2286 ng/L, compared to 109.7160 ng/L in healthy patients, with a P-value of 0.000. In contrast, the mean SIgA level in the serum of patients with appendicitis was decreased to 1.607612 µg\ml compared with the controls, which was 2.025496 µg\ml, with no significant differences. Conclusion: Acute appendicitis induces the proinflammatory cytokine IL-17 and also decreases serum SIgA, while the SIgA concentrations were increased in tissue.

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