Exploring IL-37 Genetic Variants and Circulating IL-37 Levels in Hepatitis B and C Infections: Insights from Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Analysis

Document Type : New and original researches in the field of Microbiology.

Authors

1 Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Al-Anbar, Iraq

2 Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Anbar, Al-Anbar, Iraq

Abstract

Background: Emerging evidence indicates that hereditary polymorphisms within The IL-37 gene are believed to influence an individual's vulnerability to various infectious and inflammatory disorders by modulating immune responses, including viral hepatitis. Objective: The study evaluated the distribution of IL-37 genotypes within the study population, with particular attention to their compliance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE), in order to confirm the genetic stability and representativeness  of the sample Methodology :Total of 190 participants were included, comprising      patients, During the period spanning September to December 2022, investigators carried out a study in Al-Anbar Governorate, enrolling 90 participants with chronic hepatitis and 100 healthy . Genomic DNA was isolated and genotyped for four IL-37 SNPs: rs2708967, rs2708971, rs3811047, and rs2466449, utilizing sequence-specific PCR techniques. Circulating IL-37 levels by (ELISA). Genotype frequencies were examined for HWE conformity and compared across groups. Statistical analyses was performed utilizing suitable parametric and non-parametric approaches to ensure accurate evaluation of the data. Results: the SNPs rs3811047 and rs2466449 exhibited statistically significant correlations (p < 0.05), These variants may influence individual susceptibility or resistance to viral infection. Certain genotypes deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium among patient groups, indicating possible selective disease associations. Furthermore, IL-37 serum levels were markedly high in infected individuals associated to controls, with some genotypes showing a significant association with increased protein expression.  Conclusion: The observed upregulation of IL-37   in patients further supports   its role in      the host’s immunological response to chronic viral hepatitis. IL-37 may therefore serve as a promising genetic and immunological biomarker.

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